-> ,validPeriod= Recep Tayyip Erdogan (Murat Cetinmuhurdar / AP / AP) 2 -> He started selling lemonade and rolls Back to the religion of political discourse, and then to the mainstream, it was a slow process lasting from the 50s only to a certain extent it is a derivative of the growth of religion in the Muslim world. In Turkey, despite many years of secularization, a large part of society remained deeply believing, as reflected in the policy as soon eased repression. In 1970., The first Islamist party. Are still outlawed reborn under a new name: the National Agenda, National Salvation, Prosperity, virtue, happiness, and finally the Justice and Development (AKP). Virtue, having gained approx. 20 percent. votes, wins the local elections in 1994. Mayor of Istanbul is a dynamic 40-year-old Erdogan. He comes from a poor family, his father was pogranicznikiem on the Black Sea coast, then moved to Istanbul. Teenage Erdogan attends Islamic school and helps the family by selling lemonade on the street and rolls. At the University of Marmara accede to the Islamist movement. Playing football at the local club; before each match prays. Can go pro, but my father not let him. charmed Turkey and the West The background a corrupt and inept political class mayor Erdogan has a reputation of fair. For the first time in the history of Istanbul municipal authorities are concerned about environmental protection. This is all the more interesting that the spark that in 2013. Kindled the biggest ever protests against Erdogan, a former government plans for the liquidation of the last green areas in Istanbul. is not the only volt Erdogan. At the beginning he proclaimed the password out of NATO, staying outside the EU, the Islamisation of the country. Then I changed the front, because he knew that a radical program of voters will not support. She won the votes of centrist electorate. Significant AKP victory in 2002. Completely changed the Turkish political scene. Erdogan, laden sentence for reciting an old poem ( "Minarets are our bayonets, domes our helmets, mosques barracks and the faithful our army"), which the court considered an attempt to undermine secularism, could not stand, but a year later he became prime minister. a tall, well-built, it was the physical embodiment of modern Turkey, we wanted to build. He had charisma and a chiefly smartness, and the Turks willingly give to seduce leaders resembling Atatürk. Apart from North Korea, and Turkey is difficult to find a country where long-dead founder of the state is revered as a deity. Also the West, initially wary of Islamists led by Turkey, charmed to Erdogan. They praised him as the greatest reformer of the time of Atatürk. If Turkey successfully reconcile democracy and modernity and Islam, it will be tempting example for the Arab world. More freedom, military barracks In the 2003-04 parliament passed hundreds of laws adjusting legislation to EU standards. Widened the scope of freedom of speech, assembly, association and religion, has improved the legal position of women, granted cultural rights of the population non-Turkish, penalties for torture, introduced primacy of international law before the national. In 2010. In a referendum Turks accepted constitutional amendments abolishing guardianship generals and judges over power comes from choice. Previously, for decades over every civilian government he hung the sword of the Supreme Military Council ready to intervene under the pretext of defending the secular republic or to save the country from incompetent rulers, terrorism or communism. Army had a social acceptance, because the politicians were unpopular. But when the AKP received in the next elections nearly 50 percent. votes, the army had no choice but to retreat to the barracks. Until yesterday ... Father of all Turks airing conspiracies Erdogan got rid of the generals, but He took over their way of thinking. Democracy began to be treated as a tool to achieve their goals. Successes, compliments and support of voters pumped his ego; Sultan felt, and perhaps something more. Worse endured criticism sued passionately with karykaturzystami. painfully experienced the death of her mother, who in his youth defended him against his father, a deeply religious despot. And he began to resemble. He implies that he is the father of all Turks. He travels around the country and bans on rallies protesting against him young people as wyrodne children: - So much I did for them, and see what I repay! Aires conspiracies on a national and global scale. When street protests broke out in Brazil, he said that this is the work of the same wichrzycielskich forces that '' did not give advice in Turkey ''. In 2006. She is called Ergenekon affair. They belong to the conspiracy radical nationalists and leftists, representatives of the military-police apparatus and smaller terrorist groups. What unites them is probably only a reluctance to ACP governments. According to the prosecution conspirators planned bombings, murder of well-known politicians, journalists, and even the writer Orhan Pamuk, although he ACP out of the way. It was about destabilizing the situation in the country and overthrow the government of Erdogan. He was arrested a quarter of the officer corps, but also journalists, teachers and students. 17 of them were sentenced to life in prison, among them was the chief of General Staff Ilker Basbug, Mehmet. intimidated the media censor themselves, and these unruly are taken over by the state. Obey the government courts ordered the introduction of surveillance in several opposition newspapers, including the largest "Zaman". A well-known journalists puts the accusations of spying. The populist and efficient manager Erdogan has never abandoned his dream to transform Turkey into a religious state (as critics say) or to increase religious freedom and the restoration of Islam rightful place (as would say supporters). In 2004. AKP attempts to reactivate the article in the Criminal Code to prosecute adultery (at the request of a spouse), prevented ago Brussels. Citing the example of the Scandinavian countries, ACP tried to limit licenses to sell alcohol in private premises and shops - regulation was illegal. The government managed to introduce restrictions on the sale of alcohol. secular half the population even small steps in the direction of 'Islamization' 'treated as an attack on freedom. In 2011. AKP won the elections after the third time, with an even greater advantage. '' Erdogan, a devout Muslim with his wife in a sling, like the Anatolian masses, which - just as pious Americans province - they feel treated in advance by the secular elite from the coast. He also enjoys popularity among the urban working class and millions of small entrepreneurs who like what he did in the last decade for the economy. Erdogan may be a populist, but it is also an efficient manager. Many see in him a reformer, through which Turkey will play a bigger economic and political role in the world '' - wrote the weekly '' Time ''. However, the success is debatable. Dubious achievements thanks to the '' decade of AKP '' Turkey has good economic growth, but at the price of rising debt and high unemployment. The economy - particularly the tourism sector - Dołuje also terrorist attacks performed by Kurdish radicals and jihadists. Similarly, discussions are achieving Erdogan's foreign policy. The accession process to the EU ran aground. He started again in June, under the agreement, which allowed curb the influx of refugees to Europe - Turkey has agreed to receive them. But no one seriously believes that Turkey has ever come to the EU. Certainly not under the eurosceptic Erdogan. For a couple of years leitmotif of Turkey's policy was a '' zero problems with neighbors ''. It turned out, however, that the council can not satisfy both Iran and Saudi Arabia, Israel and Hamas. The war in Syria with all stirred up trouble for Ankara, Turkey fell into isolation. Only now Erdogan normalized relations with Israel and Russia. The main goal - to change the Constitution The role of Turkey in the war against the Islamic State it is highly debatable. Turks long tolerated the use of its territory for the transit of jihadists to Syria, and some groups were arming themselves. When he finally Erdogan proceeded to war, it turned out that it was a cover to fight the Kurds. In 2014. Became president a year later in the parliamentary elections the AKP regained the majority. Before the vote, he unleashed a new war with the Kurdistan Workers Party, although earlier initiated hopeful the peace process. Turning right, he wanted to recover more radical voices of the right hand, he also hoped that the Kurdish party HDP will not come to the parliament and the ruling AKP will get a constitutional majority. Changing the Constitution and introduce a presidential system is the main goal of Erdogan. Critics fear that if Turkey is a democracy only nominal; disappear - dismantled step by step - the mechanisms controlling power. Subscribe to digital Electoral available through the internet, phone, tablet and e-book reader, from 19.90 per month To assess Login or zarejestrujX
Why so much look for?
madeira
Something it reminds me of. ..